压力与温度敏感涂料用高分子粘结剂的研究进展

压力敏感涂料(PSP)以及温度敏感涂料(TSP)是通过光学手段研究物体表面压力和温度的功能涂层。简述了气体在聚合物中的渗透机理,发光分子氧猝灭以及热猝灭机理,综述了国内外PSP、TSP中常用的高分子粘结剂,并对PSP、TSP所用高分子粘结剂的未来发展方向进行了展望。这两种涂层均由高分子粘结剂和发光分子探针组成,PSP通过发光探针与氧分子作用产生的光物理行为变化来反映压力大小,TSP是通过发光探针随模型表面温度变化导致光物理行为变化来反映温度高低。目前,已发展的PSP用高分子粘结剂主要为氧透过率较高的含硅聚合物及丙烯酸酯类聚合物;已发展的TSP用高分子粘结剂主要为氧透过率较低的聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚氨酯等。高分子粘结剂的主链结构、侧基种类与极性、分子间堆砌密度以及与发光分子相互作用,对涂层光物理性能、力学性能以及与基材结合力产生影响。因此,研究PSP与TSP中的高分子粘结剂对于未来两种技术的优化以及一定特殊要求下的应用有较为重要的意义。     

The effects of paints and moisture content on the indoor air emissions from pinewood (Pinus sylvestris) boards

The emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from building materials may significantly contribute to indoor air pollution, and VOCs have been associated with odor annoyance and adverse health effects. Wood materials together with coatings are commonly used indoors for furniture and large surfaces such as walls, floors, and ceilings. This leads to high surface-to-volume ratios, and therefore, these materials may participate remarkably to the VOC levels of indoor environment. We studied emissions of VOCs and carbonyl compounds from pinewood (Pinus sylvestris) boards of 10% and 16% moisture contents (MC) with three paints using small-scale test chambers (27 L). The emissions from uncoated pinewood and paints (on a glass substrate) were tested as references. The 28-day experiment showed that the VOC emissions from uncoated pinewood were lower from sample with 16% MC. Painted pinewood samples showed lower emissions compared to paints on glass substrate. Additionally, paints on 16% MC pinewood exhibited lower emissions than on drier 10% MC wood. The emissions from painted pinewood samples were dominated by paint-based compounds, but the share of wood-based compounds increased over time. However, we noticed differences between the paints, and wood-based emissions were clearly higher with the most permeable paint.     

丝光、半光和有光建筑乳胶漆的耐水性和耐碱性

根据光泽对乳胶漆进行分类的基础上,分析了丝光、半光和有光乳胶漆耐水性和耐碱性问题的原因,并提 出改进措施和延长试板养护期的建议。     

TiO_2－SiO_2选择透过膜及其在Fe_2O_3—Cr_2O_3－MnO_2

报道了用浸渍法制备的ＴｉＯ２－ＳｉＯ２选择透过膜和这种薄膜与Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－Ｃｒ２Ｏ３－ＭｎＯ２选择吸收涂层的复合徐层．讨论了ＴｉＯ２－ＳｉＯ２选择透过膜的光学性质、力学性质、耐热性能以及化学稳定性等及其影响因素．研究了复合涂层的光学性质及耐老化性能等．     

Characterization of spray paints used in street art graffiti by a non‐destructive multi‐analytical approach

Often associated with acts of vandalism, graffiti can also be identified with the so‐called street art movement. Moreover, in the historical context of visual arts from the 20th and 21st century, graffiti spray paints feature among the materials employed in the work of representative artists such as Lucio Fontana, Richard Hamilton, Yves Klein, or David Alfaro Siqueiros. In this study, a large number of artist spray paints were analyzed by means of X‐Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), spectrophotometry, and Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI). The aim of the study was to provide a chemical characterization of the main organic and inorganic components present within the spray paint formulations by means of a complementary non‐destructive approach. Titanium white, zinc white, bismuth vanadate yellow, ultramarine, strontium sulfide, iron, and copper oxides, along a series of pigments of the azo, phthalocyanine, and quinacridone classes could be identified. High amounts of barium sulfate as well as calcium‐based extenders were also detected. FTIR analysis provided important information regarding the binder composition, mainly modified alkyd resins being identified. Additional information related to the existing chromophores as well as specific binder‐pigments interactions could also be highlighted within the HSI data sets. Overall results provide new insights on the complex chemistry of this new range of materials, which could help future investigations carried on street art graffiti, contemporary murals, or mixed‐media artworks.     

Corrosion protection of cold-rolled steel by zinc-rich epoxy paint coatings loaded with nano-size alumina supported polypyrrole

High porosity and intense galvanic function related low electrolytic barrier profile and fast delamination of zinc-rich paints (ZRPs) are addressed by the utilisation of intimately structured, highly dispersed, polypyrrole (PPy) deposited alumina particles (PDAPs) embedded zinc-rich hybrid paints. The more globular but less-packed structure type PPy-contained water-solvent-prepared PDAPs-composited hybrids comprising spherical zinc pigment at 70 wt.%, provided moderate galvanic function with enhanced electrolytic barrier properties. In addition, the less globular structured but well-packed PPy-comprised aqueous ethanol-solvent-prepared PDAPs-composited hybrid coatings indicated highly efficient suppressed galvanic function and improved barrier properties, realising solid performance improvement over conventional ZRPs in immersion and salt-spray chamber tests. Furthermore, the application of highly dispersed PDAPs at a content of 3.2 wt.% while PPy incorporated into zinc-rich hybrids at 0.16 wt.% is proposed to result in emerging additional functionalities increasing long-term anticorrosive performance of ZRPs by inhibiting sacrificial and self-corrosion of zinc and scavenging oxidative radicals thereby hindering oxidative degradation of the organic binder.     

High performance water-borne paints with high volume solids based on bimodal latexes

The performance of water-borne paints formulated with five different high solids content acrylic (MMA/BA/MAA) latexes was investigated. These latexes had different particle size distributions (unimodal at 61 wt% and bimodal with the large mode below or above 350 nm at 65 wt% solids), different types of surfactant and in one case the carboxylic monomer was omitted.     

含丙烯酸甲硅烷酯共聚物基自抛光防污涂料的研制

目的制备高性能的含丙烯酸甲硅烷酯共聚物基防污涂料。方法合成了丙烯酸甲硅烷酯共聚物,制备了以功能性丙烯酸甲硅烷酯共聚物为基料,以氧化亚铜为主防污剂的自抛光防污涂料。通过红外光谱(FTIR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对聚合物进行分析,并通过室内动态磨蚀率实验、深海挂板实验、耐淡水浸泡实验、物理性机械性能测试和减阻性能测试,分别评价防污涂料的磨蚀率、静态防污性能、耐淡水性能、物理机械性能和减阻性能。结果筛选出的优异配方防污涂料的磨蚀率为5μm/month,具有26个月的防污性能、2个月的耐淡水浸泡性能及优异的物理机械性能,且降阻率可达到4%。结论制备的丙烯酸甲硅烷酯共聚物基自抛光防污涂料,具有良好的防污性能、物理机械性能、耐淡水浸泡性能,且能够有效地降低船舶航行阻力,是一种高性能的自抛光防污涂料。     

二氧化钛光催化涂料的研究进展

概述了TiO2光催化剂在涂料体系中的应用状况,综合分析了其光催化机理和影响因素,并对发展前景作了展望。     

Corrosion performance of waterborne coatings for structural steel

Among recently developed waterborne coatings, epoxy and acrylic based coatings have a special place. To study this kind of anticorrosive coatings, use is normally made of natural exposure and laboratory tests. The literature has recently reported that the salt spray test is not suitable for selecting/studying anticorrosive waterborne coatings. In this paper, the authors present the main results obtained in an experimental study involving laboratory tests and natural exposure in two atmospheric test sites of different corrosivity categories. The natural exposure and accelerated tests are complemented by other measurements in the laboratory, involving water uptake, adhesion and electrochemical measurements, to understand the anticorrosive performance of the paint systems under study. As accelerated tests, salt spray and prohesion were used. Indirect measurements of adhesion were made using cross-cut and pull-off tests. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and noise (EN) were used for electrochemical characterization. The study concludes that the best anticorrosive behaviour was shown by epoxy-polyamide paint systems, including zinc-rich primers. The correlation between the results of salt spray and natural exposure in marine test sites was significantly better than that obtained using the prohesion test. The electrochemical results showed that it is very important to pay special attention when interpreting this kind of results.